Autumn berries

 

Rowan berries

Forest Garden – pros and cons

One of my reader’s, Helen from Silverbells, asked if I would do an update on our forest garden as I describe on Murtagh’s Meadow about page. Really the forest gardening I leave to my husband, while I concentrate on the vegetable patch, and the flower garden, though it doesn’t stop me using the produce.

To quote the Agroforestry Trust in the UK , forest gardening is a designed agronomic system based on trees, shrubs and perennial plants. The idea being that you try and re-create a sustainable natural forest with all it’s complex product producing layers. So food products may include fruits, nuts, leaves, and possibly medicinal plants and spices. In addition, you may have plants that produce fodder for animals or resources such as bean poles, wood for fuel and so on.

From our point of view it has been a bit of a struggle. To start with you are constantly battling with weeds and in our case grass, and until we get some kind of canopy cover this will continue. So any low growing shrubs have really struggled to get a foot hold. And  even plants such as raspberries, which are naturally a woodland edge plant, struggle to keep going. Perhaps, if we had more time (this is supposed to be a low maintenance form of gardening) it would be better, because in reality you’d need to be out every few days cutting the grass back from spring right into late autumn.

Somethings have done well, such as the chokeberries. But then the birds come along and eat them all before they are even ripe!!! We have Nepalese raspberries which are good ground cover. They certainly are, and they try to take over. What is more I have yet to find any fruit – though the carder bees do seem to appreciate the flowers.

The cobnut shrubs look good and are healthy but we have yet to get more than a handful of nuts. The nuts we did grow this year were nearly all empty and those that had fallen to the ground has been opened by mice (but I wonder if they found them empty too?). Though this coming year we should have some very decent bean poles.

Cob nut eaten by mouse

Empty cob nuts

The slugs loved the bark of the Szechuan pepper (a substitute for black pepper) and ring barked it a couple of times before we put it in a pot.

The autumn olive flowered but did not set fruit this year, but there were some fruit last year (see photo). We had a good crop of sea buckthorn which again are thriving (though last year did not crop so well). And this is the first year we have had quinces (a grand total of six!).

Autumn olive – Flower

Autumn olive berries

Chokeberries (Aronia)

Juneberry

Sea buckthorn

Japanese quince

In general, success has been better with the more traditional orchard trees, apples, plums and to lesser extent pears. Having a number of varieties seems to be the key, as not all well fruit well every year.

crab apple

Apple tree

Apple tree

Apple tree

In terms of work, you need to be prepared initially to do a lot of maintenance. And it is certainly trial and error with what will crop well in a given year.

Sea Buckthorn Berries

Back in 2014 we had a good crop of sea buckthorn bu last year we hardly had any. This year we have a another good crop. The berries are small. They have a sharp but pleasant citrus flavour. I find them a bit too sharp to eat on their own but like to mash some up and add hot water for a lovely drink.

Sea buckthorn

The plant is a nitrogen fixer and so thrives in poor soil, but it can be invasive, as on North Bull Island near Dublin. Birds like the berries and therefore spread the seeds. So far (at least) the birds, particularly the blackbirds seems to prefer our Chokeberries. These were just getting ripe but the birds have already stripped most of the bushes!

Aronia berries (chokeberry)

The sea buckthorm berries are supposed to get sweeter on freezing (something I will try this year). They can be made into syrups, icecream, added to porridge, and much more. I also like this idea of rosemary and sea buckthorn vinegar.

Sea buckthorn