Spring just around the corner (I hope). So it is time to start planning the garden. And with a new UK scientific paper out telling us that allotments and gardens supported the highest bee and hoverfly abundances, our own gardens are a great place to start helping our local pollinator populations.
If this is something you like doing I thought I could provide you with a list of Pollinator Friendly Plants. This list is based solely on what works in my garden. The garden is situated in Co Mayo, Ireland. We have relatively mild climate but we do get frosts, and they can occur anything from late September till May. We have both native wildflower areas and cultivated areas with flowers and also a vegetable plot.
Best Garden Flowers and Herbs
Delphiniums – the bigger bumblebees, like garden bumblebees love these.
Lupins – a number of different bumblebees will use them and I have also seen honey bees try (but I don’t think they were successful).
Russian Comfrey – these plants are always full of bumblebees. Carders, early bumbles, love it. A number of hoverflies also feed on it especially Rhingia campestris. Another great positive about this species is it keep on flowering once it starts.
Poppies – I have pink, opium poppies that self seed in the vegetable plot. It appears to be a magnet for honey bees but white tailed bumbles and early bumblebees will use it to.
Snapdragon – again a favourite for carder bee.
Nasturtiums – these self seed in my vegetable plot. Again they will be used by a variety of bees.
Bumbles on sage
Sage – a wonderful herb that is always buzzing in my garden. Appears to be particular favourite of common carder bees.
Oregano – grows both in the greenhouse and outside. The one in the greenhouse is always full of white tailed bumbles, the outside ones less so. The plant is probably happier and producing more nectar in the warmer greenhouse.
Calendula – hoverflies love this flower.
Fennel flowers – another favourite for hoverflies.
Borage – another great all rounder for bumblebees and honeybees.
Native Flowers and plants
Foxgloves – again suit the larger bees like garden bumblebees.
Ragged robin – this plant does well near the pond seems a particular favourite of green veined white butterfly.
Bumblebee on dandelion
Dandelion – a brilliant early pollen source.
Ox-eyed daisy – hoverflies and butterflies will both use this.
Willow – I have both native and cultivated willows. The catkins are really important for bumblebees queens emerging from hibernation early in the spring.
Fruit blossom – Again I have native and cultivated forms. Hoverflies seem to love blossom, but bumblebees and butterflies will feed on them to.
Interestingly in the scientific paper just published a number of these plants have also proved popular in the UK. The following nine native plants were found to have significantly more pollinator visitors than expected based on their abundance – Creeping thistle, Wood avens, Common hogweed, Cat’s ear, Ox-eye daisy, Creeping buttercup, bramble/blackberry, Autumn hawkbit and Dandelion. And the non-native top five were: Borage, Butterfly bush, Common marigold (Calendula), Lavender and Comfrey.
Further reading
A systems approach reveals urban pollinator hotspots and conservation opportunities
Katherine C. R. Baldock, Mark A. Goddard, Damien M. Hicks, William E. Kunin, Nadine Mitschunas, Helen Morse, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Simon G. Potts, Kirsty M. Robertson, Anna V. Scott, Phillip P. A. Staniczenko, Graham N. Stone, Ian P. Vaughan & Jane Memmott
Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) |
